提問:「當撰寫論文時,我發現我經常在每個句子中重複使用同樣的連接詞。因此可以請您告訴我們不同的連接詞及片語,以及它們的使用方式嗎?」
―電子郵件提問,姓名及學校未知。
回答:
您可以使用一些單字或短片語來連接前後的句子、段落以及章節,藉此引導讀者閱讀您的文章。妥善運用連接詞能使您的文章易於被理解;反之,不良的使用則會使整篇文章缺乏條理,甚至會出現過多零散的短句,使讀者難以掌握文章的重點。
了解連接詞的最好方法是透過大量的閱讀
大部分的教科書及論文都是精心編寫而成的,並且運用了許多不同方式來連接句子,建議您在閱讀時多留意當中連接詞的用法,將之學起來並應用在自己的文章中。在寫作時也可以多嘗試使用不同的表達方式,尤其是在較長的文章中。
相關文章推薦:最佳的學術英文論文寫作風格:內容句子簡潔的寫法
不過,請務必要完全了解這些詞所代表的意思,錯誤的使用可能會完全改變您原先想表達的意思。
以下列出了許多連接詞及片語
礙於篇幅的關係,仍有許多其他字詞未被納入。當然,不要忘了最常見的and,它是您在連接兩個較短句子的最佳選擇。
請注意:被歸屬同一類別的字詞並不代表它們有著相同的意思,它們在句子中的位置也有所不同,您可以透過更多的閱讀或查詢字典來了解它們的意思及使用方式。
Listing(條列) | Giving examples(舉例) | Generalizing(概括) |
first, second, third | for example | in general |
first, furthermore, finally | for instance | generally |
to begin, to conclude | as follows: | on the whole |
next | that is | as a rule |
Reinforcement(加強語氣) | in this case | for the most part |
also | namely | in most cases |
furthermore | in other words | usually |
moreover | Result/consequence(結果) | Highlighting(強調) |
what is more | so | in particular |
in addition | therefore | particularly |
besides | as a result/consequence | especially |
above all | accordingly | mainly |
as well (as) | consequently | Reformulation(換句話說) |
in the same way | because of this/that | in other words |
not only … but also | thus | rather |
Similarity(相似) | hence | to put it more simply |
equally | for this/that reason | Expressing an alternative(表達相反的意思) |
likewise | so that | alternatively |
similarly | in that case | rather |
correspondingly | under these circumstances | on the other hand |
in the same way | Deduction(推論) | the alternative is |
Transition to new point(帶出新的論點) | then | another possibility would be |
now, | in other words | Contrast(對比) |
as far as xis concerned | in that case | instead |
with regard/reference to | otherwise | conversely |
as for … | this implies that … | on the contrary |
it follows that | if so/not | in contrast |
turning to | Stating the obvious(點出某件事實) | in comparison |
Summary(總結) | obviously | Concession(轉折語氣) |
in conclusion | clearly | however |
to conclude | naturally | even though |
in brief | of course | however much |
to summarize | as can be expected | nevertheless |
overall | surely | still |
加強語氣
Driving a motorcycle is cheaper and more convenient than owning a car; furthermore, motorcycles are easier to park.
比較
Hsinchu often has the coldest weather in Taiwan in the winter. Conversely, Kaohsiung frequently has the mildest winter temperatures.
結果/後果
Housing prices fell by more than 30% last year. As a result, sales increased by 20%.
概括化
On the whole, his class was well received by students, despite some complaints from new students about grading.
讓步/遷就
New York was a very expensive city, the weather was bad and the people weren’t very friendly. Nevertheless, we will probably return.