如何在學術英文論文中使用歸類及列表的句型？

研究論文中用於「歸類」及「列表」的句型

歸類的功能常用在論文中較前面的章節。當我們想要有系統地處理或呈現一系列不同的資訊時，便可運用列表的方式將這些資訊加以歸類，表中各項目的順序則表示其重要性的排序。

在歸類時，我們依照事物的共同性來分類與命名。這麼一來，對於同一類事物所共有的特質或特徵，便可一目了然。此外，歸類也是了解事物間差異的方法。在寫作時，作者常以歸類的方式向讀者介紹新議題。

一般歸類句型

例句：

1. It has become commonplace to distinguish ‘passive’ from ‘active’ forms of X.
2. Bone is generally classified into two types: X bone, also known as …, and Y bone or …
3. Systems theory distinguishes two different types of X, i.e. social and semantic Xs (Al-Masry 2013).
4. There are two main types of memory: declarative and non-declarative memory.
5. Declarative memory can be broken down into X and Y.
6. Aristotle’s systematic treatises may be grouped in several divisions: logic, psychological works, physical …
7. The works of Aristotle fall under three headings: (1) dialogues and …; (2) collections of facts and …; and (3) systematic works.
8. There are two basic approaches currently being adopted in research into X. One is the Y approach and the other is …
9. Associative learning can be categorized into classical and operant conditioning.
10. Classical conditioning was first …
11. Generally, spectra typing provides two types of information: band intensity pattern and band number.

特定歸類句型

例句：

1. Individuals were classified as belonging to upper or lower categories of …
2. Smith and Jones (2003) argue that there are two broad categories of Y, which are: a) … and b) …
3. For Aristotle, motion is of four kinds: (1) motion which …; (2) motion which …; (3) motion which …; and (4) motion which …
4. To better understand the mechanisms of X and its therapeutic implications, Smith et al. (2011) classified X into 3 distinct types using …

別忘記訂閱我們的電子報取得最新論文寫作技巧文章喔！

評述歸類系統

介紹列表：

1. This topic can best be treated under three headings: X, Y and Z.
2. The key aspects of management can be listed as follows: X, Y and Z.
3. There are three reasons why the English language has become so dominant.
4. These are: …
5. There are two types of effect which result when a patient undergoes X. These are …
6. The disadvantages of the new approach can be discussed under three headings, which are: …
7. The Three Voices for Mass is divided into six sections. These are: the Kyrie, Gloria, ….
8. Appetitive stimuli have three separable basic functions. Firstly, they … Secondly, they …
9. This section has been included for several reasons: it is …; it illustrates …; and it describes …

引用他人列表：

1. Smith and Jones (1991) list X, Y and Z as the major causes of infant mortality.
2. Smith (2003) lists the main features of X as follows: it is X; it is Y; and it has Z.
3. Smith (2003) argues that there are two broad categories of Y, which are: a) … and b) …
4. Smith (2003) suggests three conditions for its acceptance. Firstly, X should be …

Secondly, it needs to be … Thirdly, …

5. For Aristotle, motion is of four kinds: (1) motion which …; (2) motion which …; (3) motion which …; and (4) motion which …

希望您下次在論文中欲使用歸類或列表時，這些句型能對您有所助益。

額外相關閱讀推薦：

1. 哪些句型適用於定義研究論文中的專有名詞？
2. 如何正確使用垂懸與錯置修飾語
3. 英語學術寫作中容易搞錯的年份與數字用法
4. 如何正確使用形容詞和名詞

希望我們的英文寫作、英文文法教學及論文期刊投稿指導文章有幫到您！

若有英文編修需求，請試試我們的免費300字試用服務，華樂絲英文編修品質絕對會讓您滿意：

立即體驗免費英文編修300字試用服務