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什麼是對句法並如何使用它來強而有力的表達英文句子?
作者: Steve Wallace
發布日期: 2015 / 7 / 30, |
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透過對句法來強調句子
平行結構指的是單字或片語的形態相似。當句子或段落中的概念相似時,可以透過創造平行結構來強化意思上的相似性。有效的對句法需要能在句子中產生對稱性,使文章更強而有力。對句法可以強調兩個以上相似的概念。
平行結構的正確形式
下列的第一句包含平行結構,第二句則無此結構。
正確:The Editing Service Firm needs editors who are detail-oriented, who are self-motivated, and who are dedicated.
錯誤:The Editing Service Firm needs editors who are detail-oriented, motivate themselves, and exhibit dedication.
第一個句子中,who are重複了三次,使得detail oriented,self-motivated和dedicated三字具有相似性。第二的句子中,who are含有ambitious的涵義,但須拿掉are,以讓讀者了解句子內接下來的片語。當句子有正確的平行結構時,則不需要重複動詞。
重複動詞是風格和強調重點上的結構。不要過度使用平行結構!上述的句子一,不必用那麼多的重複字,也可以表達意思。句子如下:
The Editing Service Firm needs editors who are detail-oriented, self-motivated, and dedicated.
使用對句法闡明意思
William researches cell membranes and walls.
Is William a biologist, or a biologist with an interest in architecture? This revision makes the meaning clear:
Janet researches cell membranes and cell walls.
使用對句法的一些方法
一系列中的事項:
As an editor, he revised, clarified, and rewrote.
成對的事項:
The musicians began not only to sing, but also to dance.
Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country. (John F. Kennedy)
列表和大綱:
The research had three main goals: To discover the cause of the disease. To propose a treatment. To document the success of the treatment.
把“Responsibilities included . . . .”作為每個描述的開頭,或用同一時態的動詞作為每個描述的開端:如Researched、Conducted和Supervised。
履歷:
當您撰寫履歷時,請確認所有的項目都有以平行結構呈現。
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