因果關係英文Cause之外的動詞、名詞、介系詞、連接詞、副詞用法

提問：「我發現在寫論文時，我使用cause這個動詞來表達因果關係的機率非常高，請問在撰寫研究論文時，還有哪些表達因果關係的方法？」

-台北醫學大學C-G T.

 

回答：

 

基本上，學術研究的主旨在於了解問題，並進一步提出解決方案。尤其是在應用領域的學科中，例如：醫學領域的研究者會積極找出問題來分析。

 

換句話說，「問題」大多數都是學術論文的研究題材。不過，我們必須先得充分分析問題，才能提出解決方案，而問題的分析過程必然涉及許多成因。以下列出了一些表達因果關係的語彙，供您寫作時參考。

 

表示因果的動詞

 

Lack of protein

may cause can lead to can result in

mental disability.

 

Scurvy is a disease

caused by resulting from stemming from

lack of vitamin C.

 

Much of the instability in X

stems from

the economic effects of the war.

 

Low levels of chlorine

can give rise to

high blood pressure.

 

表示因果的名詞

 

One reason why X have declined is that … The most likely causes of X are poor diet and lack of exercise. The causes of X have been the subject of intense debate within … A consequence of vitamin A deficiency is blindness. X can have profound health consequences for older people. Physical activity is an important factor in maintaining fitness. Many other medications have an influence on cholesterol levels.

 

表示因果的介系詞片語

 

200,000 people per year become deaf

owing to because of as a result of as a consequence of

a lack of iodine.

 

表示因果的句子連接詞

 

If undernourished children do survive to become adults, they have decreased learning ability.

Therefore, Consequently, Because of this, As a result (of this),

when they grow up, it will probably be difficult for them to find work.

 

表示因果的副詞用法

 

Malnutrition leads to illness and a reduced ability to work in adulthood, The warm air rises above the surface of the sea,

thus thereby

perpetuating the poverty cycle. creating an area of low pressure.

 

其他例子：

 

• Extreme loneliness is a risk factor for X.
• X and Y are important driving factors of Z.
• X is almost as strong a risk factor for disability as Y.
• X is generally seen as a factor strongly related to Y.
• The mixing of X and Y exerts a powerful effect upon Z through …
• Due to X and Y, inflowing surface water becomes more dense as it …
• Loneliness can have profound health consequences for older people.
• As a consequence of X, it appears that Y alone is not the causative factor of …
• The study found that loneliness has twice the impact on early death as obesity does.
• Possible cause and effect relationships expressed tentatively.
• There is some evidence that X may affect Y.
• It is not yet clear whether X is made worse by Y.
• This suggests a weak link may exist between X and Y.
• The use of X may be linked to behavior problems in …
• The human papilloma virus is linked to most cervical cancer.
• The findings indicate that regular exercise could improve cognitive function in people at risk of …
• X may have been an important factor in …
• X may have contributed to the increase in …
• X may have played a vital role in bringing about …
• X may have been caused by an increase in …
• In the literature, X has been associated with Y.
• X in many cases may be associated with certain bacterial infections.
• A high consumption of X could be associated with infertility.

 

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